Effect of 1,3-dihydroxypropane on copper electrorefining process

摘要

The natural convection arises due to the buoyancy forces, which are caused by a local variation in the solution density1-2. The buoyancy forces arise, in particular, in the metal electrodeposition, because the solution density near the electrode becomes lower than that in the bulk solution. Under the action of the buoyancy forces, the liquid near the electrode surface rises up framing a thin boundary layer of variable thickness Sd. In contrast to the forced convection, the natural convection is induced by the diffusion and migration of ionic fluxes themselves. In its turn the generated liquid motion changes the space distribution of the ionic concentration in the near-electrode region. As a result, a complex pattern arises due to the interaction of diffusion, migration and hydrodynamic fields.