A tephrochronology for the Lateglacial palynological record of the Endinger Bruch (Vorpommern, north-east Germany)

摘要

The tephrostratigraphy of lake sediments in the Endinger Bruch provides the first robust age model for the Lateglacial palynological records of Vorpommern (north-east Germany). Cryptotephra investigations revealed six tephra layers within sediments spanning from Open vegetation phase I (~B?lling, ~15 ka) to the Early Holocene Betula/Pinus forest phase (~Pre-boreal, ~10.5 ka). Four of these layers have been correlated with previously described tephra layers found in sites across Europe. The Laacher See Tephra (Eifel Volcanic Field) is present in very high concentrations within sediments of the Lateglacial Betula (/Pinus) forest phase (~Aller?d). The Vedde Ash (Iceland) lies midway through Open vegetation phase III (~Younger Dryas). The H?sseldalen and the Askja tephras (Iceland) lie in the Early Holocene Betula/Pinus forest phase (~Preboreal). These tephra layers have independently derived age estimates, which have been imported into the Endinger Bruch record. Furthermore, the layers facilitate direct correlation of the regional vegetation record with other palaeoenvironmental archives, which contain one or more of the same tephra layers, from Greenland to Southern Europe. In doing this, localized variations are confirmed in some aspects of the pollen stratigraphy; however, transitions between the main vegetation phases appear to occur synchronously (within centennial errors) with the equivalent environmental transitions observed in sites across the European continent.