We present a spectroscopic study of the temporal evolution of a new type of hot-anode vacuum are discharge. This are begins as a multi-cathode-spot vacuum are (MCS) operating for 150-200 s duration at 175 or 340 A DC current and is eventually sustained by the metal vapour (originating from the cold copper cathode) that is re-evaporated from a non-consumable and thermally isolated hot graphite anode, located 10 mm away from the cathode. The hot anode acts indirectly as the plasma source by evaporating and/or reflecting the cathode material condensed on it. Spectral lines of Cu I, Cu II and Cu III in the visible were investigated as a function of time near the cathode, near the anode and in the middle of the electrode gap. Line intensity measurement was performed with 40 ms time resolution and 0.4 mm spatial resolution. Time-resolved excited-state densities were determined from the calculated radial distribution. The anodic plasma plume was observed to develop and reach the cathode within approximately 30 and 15 s for are currents of 175 and 340 A, respectively. The calculated near-anode density of the Cu I 3d(10)4d(2)D(3/2) level increased from approximately 7 x 10(8) to 2 x 10(10) cm(-3) within 30 s for a 175 A are. The distribution temperature derived from a Boltzmann diagram was found to be 0.6 eV, approximately. The electron temperature derived from saturated Cu I lines was found to be close to 1 eV during steady-state operation. [References: 25]
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机译：我们目前对新型热阳极真空放电的时间演化进行光谱研究。这始于多阴极点真空（MCS）在175或340 A直流电流下持续150-200 s的持续时间，并最终由重新蒸发的金属蒸气（源自冷铜阴极）维持取自距离阴极10毫米的非消耗性且热隔离的热石墨阳极。通过蒸发和/或反射冷凝在其上的阴极材料，热阳极间接充当等离子体源。研究了可见光中Cu I，Cu II和Cu III的光谱线与时间的关系，该时间是阴极附近，阳极附近和电极间隙中间的时间函数。线强度测量以40毫秒的时间分辨率和0.4毫米的空间分辨率进行。从计算出的径向分布确定时间分辨的激发态密度。观察到分别在175和340 A的电流下，阳极等离子体羽在约30和15 s内形成并到达阴极。 Cu I 3d（10）4d（2）D（3/2）能级的计算出的近阳极密度在30 s内从大约7 x 10（8）增加到2 x 10（10）cm（-3）一个175 A由玻耳兹曼图得出的分布温度约为0.6 eV。在稳态工作期间，发现从饱和Cu I线衍生的电子温度接近1 eV。 [参考：25]
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