Internal Breakers for Viscoelastic-Surfactant Fracturing Fluids

摘要

Over the past 2 decades, viscoelastic-surfactant (VES) fluids used for gravel packing, frac packing, and conventional hydraulic fracturing have relied primarily on external or reservoir conditions to break the fluid's viscosity. Internal-breaker technology has been developed that allows breaking VES fluids into easily producible fluids without the need for contacting reservoir hydrocarbons. Very little pressure or time is required to break the fluid when an internal breaker is present.