Differences among array, fast array, and high-definition scan modes in bone mineral density measurement at dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry on a phantom

摘要

Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disorder, characterized by low bone mass and micro-architectural deterioration. This leads to reduced biome-chanical competence of the skeleton, with a subsequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to low-trauma or non-traumatic fractures. Such fractures can occur in any site, but are most common in the spine, wrist, and hip, and all regions of the skeleton with a high percentage of trabecular bone. Osteoporosis is asymptomatic and not clinically manifested until a patient suffers a fracture.Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is recognized as the reference method to measure bone mineral density (BMD) accurately and reproducibly.3 The World Health Organization has established DXA as the best densitometric technique to measure BMD in postmenopausal women and, consequently, based the definitions of osteopenia and osteoporosis on its results.4 This is the result of a bulk of research focused on osteoporosis that led to the publication of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry (ISCD) 2007 Adult and Pediatric Official Positions.