Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on yield, essential oil content and composition of cultivated and wild population of Chamomilla recutita L. Rauschert

摘要

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of N, P and K on yield, essential oil content and compositions of essential oil in cultivated and wild populations of German chamomile. The fertilizers NPK in the form of N: P_2O_5: K_2O wereapplied at the rate of 1:1:1 and with 6 levels viz 0,30,60, 90,120 and 150 kg ha~(-1). The statistical design followed was a split plot design having type of chamomile population in the main plot and NPK levels in the sub-plot, having four replications.The results of this investigation indicated that various treatments of fertilizers affected oil yields. Essential oil components were also affected by nutritional treatments. (E)-beta-farnesene increased with increasing the levels of fertilizer up to 90kg ha~(-1) (43.36%) for cultivated and 60 kg ha~(-1) (40.09%) for wild populations. However, in wild population pinocarvone greatly decreased with increasing the levels of fertilizers. The amount of alpha-bisabolol oxide B was relatively stable, while alpha-bisabolol oxide A in cultivated population increased with 90 kg NPK ha~(-1) (8.31 %) that of wild population had highest content (8.31%) with 60kg NPK ha~(-1). In cultivated population, a-bisabolol was reduced with increasing the levels of fertilizers, while this trend was opposite in wild population.