Risk Analysis Methodology for Road Tunnels and Alternative Routes

摘要

University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Maritime Studies and Transportation, Slovenia The work includes an overview of road tunnel risk analysis methodologies that have been developed in Europe as a consequence of several major accidents and subsequent Directive on minimum safety requirements for road tunnels. In our analysis, we used PIARC - OECD quantitative risk assessment model (QRAM), which includes the largest choice of different scenarios, tunnel types and traffic parameters. On the other hand, it does not include several risk reduction measures, which we managed to assess in our methodology by combining the QRAM with scenario based analysis in which we used 1D ventilation model, CFD fire model simulation and evacuation model. Apart from this, we present a calculation of risk acceptability criteria for Slovenia. There is also a description of risk assessment procedure and an example case study in which risk assessment of bidirectional and unidirectional traffic through a tunnel is carried out.