Immunoassays have evolved considerably when compared to some of the earlier methods of identifying antigen/antibody complex formation. The Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion assay developed in the 1940s by Swedish immunologist Orjan Ouchterlony1 is one of the older methods where both antigen and antibody diffuse through a semi-solid gel independently of each other resulting in a precipitation line if the specific antigen/antibody complex is formed (identity pattern) ? This assay can take up to 48 hours to completely diffuse and render a positive result.
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