The effect of alternating temperature on the rest break process of male flowers of Cryptomeria japonica D. Don

摘要

In order to develop a model for predicting the period of male flower anthesis in Cryptomeria japonica, it is requisite to clarify the rest break process in male flowers. In this study, the effect of alternating temperatures in a daily cycle on rest break was investigated using twigs bearing male flowers from three clones of C japonica. Four temperature treatments with the same daily mean of 8 degrees C were applied to sample twigs over a period of 35 days: (1) 8 degrees C constant (TR-A); (2) 7 degrees-10 degrees C alternating (TR-B); (3) 5.5 degrees-13 degrees C alternating (TR-C); and (4) 4 degrees-16 degrees C alternating (TR-D). After treatment, the sample twigs were forced to bloom at a constant temperature of 16 degrees C, and the cumulative effective temperatures (CETs) required for anthesis were compared. While the CETs for anthesis were the same for TR-A and TR-B, that for TR-C was significantly higher. After TR-D, almost no male flower bloomed, indicating that this treatment was ineffective in breaking rest. When considering these results on an hour basis, it was a reasonable interpretation that 13 degrees C had no effect on breaking rest while the temperatures below 10 degrees C were all equally effective. On the other hand, temperatures of 16 degrees C or above were considered to have an antagonizing effect that cancels the effects of chilling temperatures below 10 degrees C. These results suggest that the effects of high temperatures during the daytime in chilling periods should be properly incorporated into a model of the process by which rest of male flowers is broken.