Parallel Object Activation and Attentional Gating of Information: Evidence From Eye Movements in the Multiple Object Naming Paradigm

摘要

Do we access information from any object we can see, or do we access information only from objects that we intend to name? In 3 experiments using a modified multiple object naming paradigm, subjects were required to name several objects in succession when previews appeared briefly and simultaneously in the same location as the target as well as at another location. In Experiment 1, preview benefit-faster processing of the target when the preview was related (a mirror image of the target) compared to unrelated (semantically and phonologically)-was found for the preview in the target location but not a location that was never to be named. In Experiment 2, preview benefit was found if a related preview appeared in either the target location or the third-to-be-named location. Experiment 3 showed the difference between results from the first 2 experiments was not due to the number of objects on the screen. These data suggest that attention serves to gate visual input about objects based on the intention to name them and that information from one intended-to-be-named object can facilitate processing of an object in another location.