Regeneration of Somaclonal Variants of Tomato (Solatium lycopersicum L.) for Resistance to Fusarium Wilt

摘要

Somaclonal variants arising from clonally propagated plants via plant tissue culture could possess resistance to some diseases. Cotyledon, leaf, and hypocotyl explants from a local variety of Fusar-ium wilt-susceptible tomato (Solarium lycopersicum L.cv. Beske) were cultured on callus induction media (CIM) with kinetin, 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at various concentrations. Calli were transferred to shoot regeneration media containing kinetin and BAP in combination with giberellic acid at 0.5 mg/l. Regenerated plantlets and nursery-raised seedlings (control) were inoculated with Fusarium wilt pathogen. Callus induction was between 85.71% and 100.00% on all CIM except hormone-free medium. Disease incidence (70%) and severity score of 3-43 using the area under disease progress curve and taken at 14 days after inoculation were lowest in variants regenerated from leaf explants. We concluded that somaclonal variants of tomato with moderate resistance to Fusarium wilt could be generated in vitro from a susceptible variety through manipulation of growth media.