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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of child psychology and psychiatry >Serotonin transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) genotype and stressful life events interact to predict preschool-onset depression: A replication and developmental extension
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Serotonin transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) genotype and stressful life events interact to predict preschool-onset depression: A replication and developmental extension

机译:血清素转运蛋白相关的多态性区域(5-HTTLPR)基因型和压力性生活事件相互作用,以预测学龄前抑郁症:复制和发展扩展

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摘要

Background: Scientific enthusiasm about gene × environment interactions, spurred by the 5-HTTLPR (serotonin transporter-linked polymorphic region) × SLEs (stressful life events) interaction predicting depression, have recently been tempered by sober realizations of small effects and meta-analyses reaching opposing conclusions. These mixed findings highlight the need for further research. Converging evidence suggests that the effects of 5-HTTLPR genotype may be neurodevelopmental in origin, but we are not aware of empirical studies that have investigated whether the 5-HTTLPR genotype × SLE interaction predicts preschool-onset depression (PO-MDD), the earliest validated form of depression. Methods Children (n = 234) aged 3-5 were recruited for a longitudinal study designed to examine PO-MDD. In a comprehensive baseline assessment, the child's primary caregivers completed questionnaires and were interviewed about their child's behaviors, psychiatric symptoms, and exposure to SLEs. Results: A 5-HTTLPR × SLEs interaction emerged, such that children homozygous for the short allele were more susceptible to depression in the context of elevated SLE than long allele carriers. In contrast, at low SLE exposure, short allele homozygotes had fewer depressive symptoms. The data were best fit by a plasticity model with a substantial reduction in fit by diathesis-stress models. Conclusions Extending studies in adult and adolescent populations, these data suggest that 5-HTTLPR genotype may provide plasticity to environmental influence, for better or worse. Specifically, children homozygous for the short allele were more susceptible to the depressogenic effects of SLEs but benefitted, in the form of reduced depressive symptoms, in the context of relatively benign environmental conditions (i.e. relatively low SLE exposure). These data highlight the importance of examining gene × environment interactions across development, environment, and outcome but should be interpreted cautiously given the small sample size.
机译:背景:5-HTTLPR(5-羟色胺转运蛋白相关的多态性区域)×SLE(应激性生活事件)相互作用预测抑郁症的基因×环境相互作用的科学热情,最近因对微小影响的清醒认识和荟萃分析而减弱。相反的结论。这些混杂的发现凸显了进一步研究的必要性。越来越多的证据表明5-HTTLPR基因型的影响可能是神经发育的起源,但是我们还没有经验研究研究5-HTTLPR基因型×SLE相互作用是否预测了学龄前抑郁症(PO-MDD)最早。抑郁症的有效形式。方法招募3-5岁的儿童(n = 234)进行纵向研究,以检查PO-MDD。在全面的基线评估中,孩子的主要照顾者填写了调查表,并就孩子的行为,精神症状和接触SLE进行了访谈。结果:出现了5-HTTLPR×SLE相互作用,因此与短等位基因纯合的儿童相比,短等位基因纯合的儿童比长等位基因携带者更容易抑郁。相反,在低SLE暴露下,短等位基因纯合子的抑郁症状较少。数据通过可塑性模型进行最佳拟合,而通过素质压力模型进行的拟合显着降低。结论扩展了对成人和青少年人群的研究,这些数据表明5-HTTLPR基因型可能对环境影响具有可塑性,无论好坏。具体而言,对于短等位基因纯合子的儿童更容易遭受SLE的降压作用,但在相对良性的环境条件下(即相对较低的SLE暴露)以减轻的抑郁症状的形式受益。这些数据强调了检验基因×环境在整个发育,环境和结果中相互作用的重要性,但鉴于样本量较小,应谨慎解释。

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