Emerging technological advancements in colonoscopy: Third Eye (R) Retroscope (R) and Third Eye (R) Panoramic (TM), Fuse (R) Full Spectrum Endoscopy (R) colonoscopy platform, Extra-Wide-Angle-View colonoscope, and NaviAid (TM) G-EYE (TM) balloon colonoscope

摘要

Colonoscopy is the criterion standard for detecting colorectal adenomas and cancers. However, multiple studies have reported a significant percentage of adenomas are missed during standard, forward-viewing colonoscopy. Missed adenomas can lead to interval colorectal cancers. Aside from inadequate colon preparation, incomplete examinations (e.g. failure to intubate the cecum), short withdrawal times, and patient-related factors, the primary reason for missing colorectal adenomas and early cancers is poor visualization of the proximal aspect of colonic folds, at anatomical flexures, and in the ileocecal valve area. These anatomical sites tend to be hidden from the standard forward-viewing colonoscope (170-degree angle of view) and can often only be seen through manipulation of the colonoscope by the endoscopist. Thus, there is mounting evidence supporting the need to reduce the adenoma miss rate' of standard forward-viewing colonoscopy by improving upon current colonoscope technology and its current visualization/optics limitations. Recently, there are a number of emerging technologies that may help revolutionize how colonoscopy is carried out and that will significantly reduce adenoma miss rates. These include the Third Eye (R) Retroscope (R) and Third Eye (R) Panoramic(TM) (Avantis Medical Systems, Sunnyvale, CA, USA); Fuse (R) Full Spectrum Endoscopy (R) colonoscopy platform (EndoChoice Inc., Alpharetta, GA, USA); Extra-Wide-Angle-View colonoscope (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan), and the NaviAid(TM) G-EYETM balloon colonoscope (SMART Medical Systems Ltd, Ra'anana, Israel).