Fatty acid receptor GPR120: its potential role in islet function and Type 2 diabetes mellitus

摘要

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that represents a major socioeconomic burden worldwide; approximately 90—95% of patients are diagnosed as Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among the new cases of diabetes. Pancreatic islet p-cell failure is one of the key features of T2DM, which is resultant from chronic hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, thus eventually leading to p-cell insulin secretion deficiency and P-cell apoptosis. Specifically, compensatory P-cell insulin secretion becomes inadequate and T2DM risks increase when islet-cell failure develops as a result of various factors such as glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity [l]. Meanwhile, insulin resistance leads to hyperglycemia and lipid accumulation as islet P-cell compensatory responses to increased insulin resistance fall, concomitant with progressive reduction in islet P-cell function, leading to eventual islet failure and with decreased P-cell mass and insulin deficiency as seen in the later stages of T2DM [l]. Notwithstanding the