VARIABILIDAD RACIAL DE MACRORRESTOS ARQUEOLOGICOS DEZEA MAYS (POACEAE) Y SUS RELACIONES CON EL PROCESOAGROPASTORIL EN LA PUNA MERIDIONAL ARGENTINA(ANTOFAGASTA DE LA SIERRA, CATAMARCA)

摘要

This paper analyzes the Zea mays racial variability and their relationship with the greater empha-sis put on agricultural practices in the Southern Argentine "Puna" during ca. 1300-700 years BP, takingin account the archaeobotanical record of the sites "Cueva Cacao 1A" and "Bajo del Coypar II"("Antofagasta de la Sierra", Catamarca, Argentina). Eight maize races were identified: Pisincho, Moro-cho, Morocho amarillo, Marron, Harinoso Amarillo, Capia, Culli and Chullpi. This high biodiversityis a clear exponent about the introduction process of multiple maize races in the region. This processwould have begun between the end of Formative Period in any moment among 1300 and 1000 yearsBP and becoming stronger in later moments.