Positionierungssystem fur die feste Fehmarnbeltquerung

摘要

The paper describes the establishment of a positioning system, including the geodetic basis, four permanent GNSS stations, and an RTK service for the Fehmarnbelt Fixed Link, a rail and road causeway between the islands of Fehmarn (Germany) and Lolland (Denmark). The fixed link is planned to cross the Fehmarnbelt, a 20 km stretch of water of the Baltic Sea. The permanent GNSS stations were built as high grade geodetic stations during the autumn and winter of 2009/2010. GNSS data for processing of precise station coordinates was collected, and the station coordinates were available in March 2010. In parallel, precise levelling was carried out on Fehmarn and Lolland, and a new height system for the Fehmarnbelt area was ready in May 2010. A geoid model was developed and fitted, and a map projection was defined. The RTK service was established during the spring of 2010. The service was running in test mode during the summer, and was commissioned in August. Test results regarding accuracy, coverage area, and availability of the RTK service show that the service meets all requirements set. A positioning system for the Fehmarn-belt Fixed Link has hereby been established, and the complete system is now being used for environmental, geotechnical and geophysical investigations. The Fehmarnbelt positioning system is an example of a homogeneous, consistent, coherent, and highly accurate GNSS-based positioning system. Comparable systems and services can be established and used for any major construction site or infrastructure project. The system shall be operational during establishment of the link and it is considered to be very cost efficient as operation and precise navigation of large, costly offshore equipment shall be highly facilitated, including during critical procedures in the construction phase of the Fehmarnbelt Fixed Link.