In many analytical instrumentation systems, the analyzer does not provide an absolute measurement. Radier, it provides a relative response based on settings established during calibration, which is a critical process subject to significant error. To calibrate an analyzer, a calibration fluid of known contents and quantities is passed through the analyzer, producing measurements of component concentration. If these measurements are not consistent with the known quantities in the calibration fluid, the analyzer is adjusted accordingly. When the process samples are analyzed, the accuracy of the analyzer's reading will depend on the the calibration process accuracy. It is imperative to understand how error or contamination can be introduced through calibration; when calibration can-and cannot-address a perceived performance issue with, the analyzer; how atmospheric pressure or temperature fluctuations can undo the calibration work; and when and when not to calibrate.
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