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Climate change impact on groundwater levels: Ensemble modelling of extreme values

机译:气候变化对地下水位的影响:极值综合模型

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This paper presents a first attempt to estimate future groundwater levels by applying extreme value statistics on predictions from a hydrological model. Climate scenarios for the future period, 2081-2100, are represented by projections from nine combinations of three global climate models and six regional climate models, and downscaled (including bias correction) with two different methods. An integrated surface water/groundwater model is forced with precipitation, temperature, and potential evapotranspiration from the 18 models and downscaling combinations. Extreme value analyses are performed on the hydraulic head changes from a control period (1991-2010) to the future period for the 18 combinations. Hydraulic heads for return periods of 21, 50 and 100 yr (T21-100) are estimated. Three uncertainty sources are evaluated: climate models, downscaling and extreme value statistics. Of these sources, extreme value statistics dominates for return periods higher than 50 yr, whereas uncertainty from climate models and extreme value statistics are similar for lower return periods. Uncertainty from downscaling only contributes to around 10% of the uncertainty from the three sources.
机译:本文提出了通过对水文模型的预测应用极值统计来估算未来地下水位的首次尝试。未来时期的气候情景2081-2100,由三个全球气候模型和六个区域气候模型的九种组合的预测表示,并通过两种不同的方法进行了缩减(包括偏差修正)。来自18个模型和缩小比例组合的降水,温度和潜在的蒸散作用迫使地表水/地下水综合模型成为现实。对从18个组合的控制时期(1991-2010年)到未来时期的液压压头变化进行了极值分析。估计返回期为21、50和100年(T21-100)的液压头。评估了三个不确定性来源:气候模型,降尺度和极值统计。在这些来源中,高于50年的回报期占极值统计,而较低回报期的气候模型和极值统计的不确定性相似。降级带来的不确定性仅占三个来源不确定性的约10%。

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