Kurt Tucholsky,John Heartfield and Deutschland,Deutschland uber Alles

摘要

This essay analyses Kurt Tucholsky and John Heartfield's 1929 Deutschland,Deutschland uber Alles.In this'picture-book'right-wing nationalism,the military,the democratic system,and capitalism were trenchantly criticized.This essay argues,however,that Deutschland,Deutschland uber Alles is as much about the role of photography in society as it is about Weimar's political situation.The late 1920s are generally seen as a period of medium optimism in which the new photography was in the forefront.Yet a close analysis of the use of photography in Deutschland,Deutschland uber Alles nuances the so-called optimism of Weimar visual culture and its sudden disruption by the advent of fascism in the 1930s.While from the early 1910s onwards,Tucholsky had promoted the polemical power of photography,his position shifted by the end of the 1920s.An ambivalence marked Deutschland,Deutschland uber Alles:on the one hand the photographic medium was used as a critical tool;on the other,the book reflects an underlying critique of and frustration with photojournalism and its association with urban modernity.