Energy-Efficient Cluster Head Selection Scheme Based on Multiple Criteria Decision Making for Wireless Sensor Networks

摘要

Energy efficiency is an essential issue in the applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) all along. Clustering with data aggregation is a significant direction to improve energy efficiency through software. The selection of cluster head (CH) is the key issue in the clustering algorithm, which is also a multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) procedure. In this paper, a novel fuzzy multiple criteria decision making approach, which is based on trapezoidal fuzzy AHP and hierarchical fuzzy integral (FAHP), is introduced to optimize the selection of cluster heads to develop a distributed energy-efficient clustering algorithm. Energy status, QoS impact and location are taken into account simultaneously as the main factors that can influence the selection of cluster heads while each factor contains some sub-criteria. Fuzzy multiple attribute decision making is adopted to select optimal cluster heads by taking all factors into account synthetically. According to these criteria, each node computes a composite value by using fuzzy Integral. Then this composite value is mapped onto the time axis, and a time-trigger mechanism makes the node broadcast cluster head information. The rule that "first declaration wins" is adopted to form the cluster. Simulation results denote that our proposed scheme has longer lifetime and more eximious expansibility than other algorithms.