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Antibiotic resistant bacteria in wastewater processed by the Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago system

机译:大芝加哥市大都会水回收区处理的废水中的抗生素抗性细菌

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The Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago (District) initiated a research study to determine the total numbers and percentages of antibiotic resistant fecal coliform (FC) bacteria in raw sewage (RS) entering and final effluents (FE) discharged from its seven Water Reclamation Plants (WRPs). The density of FC was determined on m-FC agar containing ampicillin (ampR-16 mu g/ml), gentamycin (genR-8 mu g/ml), tetracycline (tetR-8 mu g/ml), or all three antibiotics. The study was primarily undertaken to determine whether secondary sewage treatment at the District WRPs adequately reduces the numbers and percentages of FCampR, FCtetR, FCgenR, FCamp/tet/genR in the FE. The numbers of ampR, tetR, genR, and amp/tet/genR FC observed in RS ranged from 2.0 x 10(5) to 1.1 x 10(7), 9.5 x 10(4) to 2.2 x 10(6), 95 to 1.5 x 10(4) and 90 to 9.5 x 10(3) per 100 mL, respectively. Secondary sewage treatment without disinfection was shown to reduce the number of antibiotic resistant FC by two-three orders of magnitude. The numbers of FCampR, FCtetR, FCgenR, and FCamp/tet/genR observed in non-disinfected FE ranged from 2.0 x 10(2) to 6.4 x 10(3), 2.2 x 10(2) to 4.1 x 10(3), 9 to < 20 and 9 to < 20 per 100 mL, respectively. The relative percentages of antibiotic resistant FC observed in FE followed the same trend observed in RS: FCampR. FCtetR. FCgenR. FCamp/tet/genR. Only one FCamp/tet/genR bacteria was found in this study indicating that multiple-antibiotic resistant FC was virtually eliminated by secondary sewage treatment. The results of multivariate regression analysis showed that the percentages of antibiotic resistant FC in the FE from all seven District WRPs were lower than the percentages of these organisms in RS (p < 0.01). These results support the conclusion that secondary sewage treatment in the District effectively reduces the number of antibiotic resistant FC and that the environments of the District's seven WRPs are not conducive to the propagation or survival of antibiotic resistant fecal coliform bacteria.
机译:大芝加哥(区)大都市水回收区启动了一项研究研究,以确定进入其七个水回收区的原污水(RS)和最终废水(FE)中的抗生素抗性大肠菌群(FC)细菌的总数和百分比植物(WRP)。在含有氨苄青霉素(ampR-16μg / ml),庆大霉素(genR-8μg / ml),四环素(tetR-8μg/ ml)或所有三种抗生素的m-FC琼脂上测定FC的密度。这项研究主要是为了确定区WRP的二次污水处理是否充分减少了FE中FCampR,FCtetR,FCgenR,FCamp / tet / genR的数量和百分比。在RS中观察到的ampR,tetR,genR和amp / tet / genR FC的数量从2.0 x 10(5)到1.1 x 10(7),9.5 x 10(4)到2.2 x 10(6),95每100 mL分别为1.5 x 10(4)和90至9.5 x 10(3)。研究表明,未经消毒的二次污水处理可将抗药性FC的数量减少2个数量级。在未消毒的FE中观察到的FCampR,FCtetR,FCgenR和FCamp / tet / genR的数量范围为2.0 x 10(2)至6.4 x 10(3),2.2 x 10(2)至4.1 x 10(3) ,每100 mL分别为9至<20和9至<20。 FE中观察到的抗生素抗性FC的相对百分比遵循RS:FCampR中观察到的相同趋势。 FCtetR。 FCgenR。 FCamp / tet / genR。在这项研究中仅发现一种FCamp / tet / genR细菌,表明通过二次污水处理实际上消除了多种抗生素耐药性FC。多元回归分析的结果表明,所有七个地区WRP的FE中抗生素抗性FC的百分比均低于RS中这些生物的百分比(p <0.01)。这些结果支持以下结论:该区的二次污水处理有效地减少了对抗生素耐药的FC的数量,并且该区的七个WRP的环境不利于对抗生素耐药的粪大肠菌的繁殖或存活。

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