In-situ profiling of dipole polarization distributions in poled nonlinear optical polymers with electrothermal and optical techniques

摘要

Poling is an essential process step in the preparation of dipolar chromophore-based second-order nonlinear optical polymers. In single- and multilayer film structures, poling often yields a spatially nonuniform orientation of the chromophores across the film thickness. An electrothermal technique, based on the measurement of electrical transients after pulsed thermal excitation, as well as an optical second-harmonic generation technique have been developed for the depth profiling of the dipole polarization with a high spatial resolution around 100 nm.