Studies on Morphological Characters, Herbage Yield, Essential Oil Content and Compositions of Seven Types of Ocimum from Bangladesh

摘要

Seven types of Ocimum, two from O. americanum, two from O. gratissimum, two from O. sanctum and one from O. basilicum var. purpurascens, were studied for their morphological differences, essential oil content and compositions. The oils were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. All the types differ from one another in respect of their morphological characters as well as their chemical constituents. Essential oil of the camphor type of O. americanum contains camphor (40.3%) followed by limonene (8.8%) and alpha-pinene (6.1%) as major constituents and the citral type of O. americanum contains citral (63.4%) and linalool (7.0%) as major components. The oil of O. gratissimum contains thymol (58.2%), gamma-terpinene (12,3%), p-cymene (7.7%) and the var. clocimum ofO. gratissimum contains eugenol (66.5%) and beta-ocimene (18.1%) as major components. The major components of O. sanctum (green) are eugenol (36.5%), beta-caryophyllene (24.3%) and beta-elememe (12.2%) and those of 0. sanctum (purple) are eugenol (77.5%)and (E)-caryophyllene (10.7%). The oil of O. basillicum var. purpurascens contains linalool (30.8%), geraniol (28,8%) and geranyl acetate (14.1%) as major components.