(2128) Proposal to conserve the name Flammula (Fr.) P. Kumm. (Fungi: Agaricales) against Flammula (Webb ex Spach) Fourr. (Spermatophyta: Ranunculaceae)

摘要

Flammula (Fr.) P. Kumm., in a restricted phylogenetic sense that includes its type as recognised here and closely allied taxa such as F. alnicola (Fr.) P. Kumm., forms a distinct clade from other dark-spored agarics (Moncalvo & al. in Molec. Phylogen.Evol. 23:357-400. 2002; Matheny & al. in Mycologia 98: 982-995. 2006; Jacobsson & Larsson in Mycotaxon 102: 235-240. 2007), including Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm., with which it had been synonymized previously (Smith & Hesler, N. Amer. Spec. Pholiota: 37. 1968; Singer, Agaricales Modern Taxon., ed. 4: 576. 1986). No other name at generic rank is available for this taxon unless the long abandoned Visculus Earle (in Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 5: 437. 1909) is interpreted as a replacement name for Flammula, rather than the name of a new genus (see below). The name Flammula has been adopted throughout the past decade for a phyloge-netically defined genus based in part on the presumed legitimacy and priorability of Flammula (Fr.) Kummer as posited by Donk (in Beih. Nova Hedwigia 5: 97-99. 1962) who did not accept the valid publication of the earlier homonym, Flammula, that he attributed to Fourreau alone. Indeed, conservation of Flammula for fungi (Flammula "(Fr.) Quel.") against Flammula for plants (Flammula "(DC.) Fourr.") had been proposed previously (Donk in Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, ser. 3,17: 157,166-168. 1941) as had Flammula "(Fr) Quel." against three other fungal generic names (Ryssospora Fayod, Gymnopilus P. Karst. [as 'Gymnophilus'], Visculus Earle) by Maire (in Briquet, Recueil Syn. Cambridge: 120. 1930). In 1941, Donk had erroneously attributed the basionym of Forreau's Flammula to "DC." as had others (e.g., Singer in Lilloa 22: 512.1951 ['1949']) as was explained by him in 1962 (Donk, I.e. 1941; see also Rogers in Farlowia 3: 443-444. 1949), and in the 1930s and 1940s authors attributed elevation of Fries's (I.e.) "tribes" to generic rank to Quelet, and only later accepted P. Kummer's (I.e.) validations of various "tribes" of Fries (I.e.) atgeneric rank (Donk in Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, ser. 3,18:95,160.1949). Donk's (I.e. 1941) original proposal treated Agaricus lubricus "Pers. ex Fr." as type of the fungal Flammula. Maire (I.e.) preferred Agaricus astragalinus Fr. be type. When Donk(I.e. 1949) revised his proposal, he modified his opinion putting forth Agaricus flavidus "SCHAEFF. ex FR." as type.