Development and maintenance of mill- and wastewater treatment system-specific programs aimed at optimizing use of supplemental nutrients for purposes of minimizing residual nutrients in treated effluents have evolved in recent years and are summarized. Suggestions for monitoring of nutrient forms in wastewaters prior to and during biological treatment are presented, as are approaches for determining supplemental nutrient requirements, monitoring biomass characteristics, and achieving minimum nitrogen and phosphorus residuals in treated final effluents while maintaining targeted levels of biological treatment. Aspects of nutrient management relevant to activated sludge (AS) and aerated stabilization basin (ASB) systems are presented, and ASB configurations operated in part to minimize nutrient levels in treated effluents are highlighted.
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