The prevalence of celiac disease (CD), the inherited (in 5%-22% of patients) autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten, has increased an average of 2% to 3% annually since the 1950s, based on data from numerous studies to date. The odds of CD occurrence in people with first-degree relatives (parent, child, sibling) with CD is 1 in 22; in those with second-degree relatives (aunt, uncle, cousin) with CD, the prevalence rate decreases to 1 in 39, and the rate further decreases by 50% to 1 in 56 in people with related symptoms. CD affects more women than men, with a differential cost of 2 to 7 for women versus men, according to a 2010 estimate.
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