Steel manufacturing technology has changed drastically in last few decades to meet the demand of high purity and quality of steel from the steel users. The advancements in steel making process have also demanded high quality refractories to withstand severe operating conditions and to produce desired steel quality. Magnesia carbon refractories, being essential for making and processing of steel, have gone through many modifications since its inception and still are one of the major challenging areas for refractories development. Only a few years ago higher use of carbon was assumed to be beneficial for the refractories performances and life but the concept has been proven wrong and low carbon containing MgO-C refractories are becoming the point of attention. Reduction in carbon content in MgO-C refractories without much affecting their properties have been tried by many ways by many researchers, amongst them use of nano carbon is widely popular. This review discusses the prospects for using nano carbons in MgO-C refractory and various research works that are going on and also on the development of low carbon containing magnesia carbon refractories.
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