Effect of biological protection of flax on the decrease in occurrence of Fusarium wilt and yield quality.

摘要

Flax seeds of oil flax are a raw material for production of linseed oil that shows very high nutritional and curative properties and properties desirable in cosmetics. One of very dangerous flax diseases is Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium fungi, mainly F. oxysporum f. sp. lini. With regard to growing use of flax as a plant with curative properties it seams desirable to develop a biological protection system against these diseases. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of several biological substances and preparations on reduction of Fusarium wilt occurrence in oil flax. The yield and its quality was also investigated. Three forms of chitosan were tested: acetate, microcrystalline and olygomeric represented by Bion 50 WG, Biosept 33 SL. Also biopreparations: Polyversum containing oospores of Pythium oligandrum, Cedomon and PSR containing Pseudomonas bacteria and EM-A containing a mixture of selected bacteria and fungi were tested. All these products were tested in comparison with a chemical seed dressing treatment Oxafun T 75 DS. Evaluation of the effect of tested substances on reduction of Fusarium wilt occurrence in oil flax was conducted based on laboratory, pot and field experiments in 2003-2005. The content of cyanogenic glucosides and cadmium was determined in seeds obtained from field experiment. Most of the tested biological substances products were used as seed dressing; only Bion 50 WG and Biosept 33 SL were used in the form of spray when flax was in seedling stage. All tested substances limited the occurrence of Fusarium wilt. Yield was clearly correlated with the occurrence of Fusarium wilt.