首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Biological sciences >The double odyssey of Madagascan polystome flatworms leads to new insights on the origins of their amphibian hosts.
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The double odyssey of Madagascan polystome flatworms leads to new insights on the origins of their amphibian hosts.

机译:马达加斯加多头扁虫的双重冒险使人们对其两栖动物宿主的起源有了新的认识。

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摘要

Polystomatid flatworms are parasites of high host specificity, which mainly infect amphibian hosts. Only one polystome species has so far been recorded from Madagascar despite the high species richness and endemicity of amphibians on this island. Out of the 86 screened Malagasy frog species, we recovered polystomes from 25 in the families Ptychadenidae and Mantellidae. Molecular phylogenetic analysis uncovered an unexpected diversity of polystome species belonging to two separate clades: one forming a lineage within the genus Metapolystoma, with one species in Ptychadena and several species in the mantellid host genera Aglyptodactylus and Boophis; and the second corresponding to an undescribed genus that was found in the species of the subfamily Mantellinae in the family Mantellidae. The phylogenetic position of the undescribed genus along with molecular dating suggests that it may have colonized Madagascar in the Late Mesozoic or Early Cainozoic. By contrast, the more recent origin of Metapolystoma in Madagascar at ca 14-2 Myr ago strongly suggests that the ancestors of Ptychadena mascareniensis colonized Madagascar naturally by overseas dispersal, carrying their Metapolystoma parasites. Our findings provide a striking example of how parasite data can supply novel insights into the biogeographic history of their hosts.
机译:气孔扁虫是寄主特异性很高的寄生虫,主要感染两栖动物寄主。迄今为止,尽管马达加斯加岛上的两栖动物物种丰富度高,特有种,但从马达加斯加至今仅记录到一种多足动物物种。在筛选出的86种马达加斯加蛙种中,我们从Ptychadenidae和Mantellidae家族的25种中回收了多胎菌。分子系统发育分析揭示了属于两个不同进化枝的多基因组物种出乎意料的多样性:一种在Metapolystoma属中形成谱系,其中一种在Ptychadena中,一种在tell鱼宿主Aglyptodactylus和Boophis中;第二个对应于一个未描述的属,该属在Mantellidae家族的Mantellinae亚科的物种中发现。未描述属的系统发育位置以及分子测年表明它可能已在中生代晚期或新生代早期定居在马达加斯加。相比之下,最近在马达加斯加的Metapolystoma起源于大约14-2 Myr强烈表明,Ptychadena mascareniensis的祖先通过海外扩散自然地定居在马达加斯加,并携带其Metapolystoma寄生虫。我们的发现提供了一个惊人的例子,说明寄生虫数据如何提供有关其宿主生物地理历史的新颖见解。

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