Surface and Interface Sciences, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, M.S. 1415, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185

摘要

A major obstacle to the conversion of the world to a "hydrogen economy" is the problem of onboard hydrogen storage. High-pressure and cryogenic hydrogen storage systems are impractical for vehicular applications due to safety concerns and volumetric constraints. This has prompted an extensive effort to develop solid hydrogen storage systems for vehicular application. Metal hydrides,1,2 activated charcoal,3,4 and advanced carbons5-7 have been investigated as hydrogen carriers. Unfortunately, despite decades of extensive effort, no material has been found which has the combination of a high gravimetric hydrogen density, adequate hydrogen-dissociation energetics, reliability, and low cost required for commercial vehicular application.