Biomass are excellent renewable energy sources intensively used as substitute for fossil fuels such as coal,petroleum products,etc.in the modern world.Biological materials are bulky and have low energy content and are difficult to handle and transport.One of the strategies to overcome this problem is compacting the biomass to very high density products.In order to undrstand the compaction behavior of biomaterials,it is important to know the basic mechanism of compaction and its characteristics.The conversion of biomaterials into densified pellets or briquettes is influenced by different physical properties such as moisture content,particle size distribution,bulk density,particle density and operating parameters such as size of the die,operating temperature and power requirement,etc.This paper presents an overview of the mechanism of compaction of biomaterials,different models of compaction,and the process parameters influencing the densification of biomaterials.
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