Economic Evaluation Of Manure Drying On Layer Farms: Concentration of intensive livestock farming on small areas in The Netherlands has led to overproduction of manure' and concern about pollution

摘要

In the Netherlands, problems of pollution from minerals (N,P and K) are mainly caused by overproduction of manure in intensive livestock farming on too small an area which has resulted in a manure surplus. The Dutch Government is now pursuing a targetof equilibrium manuring by the year 2005 At the moment further expansion of the farms is restricted by manure production rights and there is a schedule till the year 2005 to tighten the manure application standards. In the same period the ammonia emission from farms must be reduced. Measures to achieve this are low-emission manure application, closed manure storage and reduced ammonia loss in animal housing. To solve the manure surplus problem the poultry industry has three solution directions: manuredistribution, manure processing and modifying animal feed.