MICROSCOPIC FUNGI OF PHRAGAMITES AUSTRALIS IN THE LITTORAL OF TWO LAKES IN DRAWA NATIONAL PARK (NW POLAND)

摘要

Microscopic fungi accompanying lesions of leaves, stalks, and leaf sheaths of Phragmites australis were surveyed within the littoral of Lake Marta and Lake Sitno (Drawa National Park, Poland) in 2005-2006. The fungi were isolated from affected tissues by methods used in phytopathology. In all, 72 microfungi and I Mycelia sterilia species were found in the phyllo- and caulosphere of P australis. This biodiversity was represented mostly by species belonging to Hyphomycetes (38; 52% of species), Ascomycota (10; 14%), and Coelomycetes (9; 12%). Species of Basidiomycota and Zygomycota (3 each, 8% together) Incertae sedis (5; 7%), and fungi-like organisms (FLOs) (4; 6%) had smaller shares. The similarity coefficient for microfungal species in the littoral of the two lakes was 54%. The following species caused chlorotic or necrotic lesions on reeds of both lakes: Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl., Deightoniella arundinacea (Corda) S. Hughes, Fusarium sporotrichioides Sherb., Gibberella avenacea R. J. Cook, Gaeumannomyces graminis (Sace.) Arx & D. L. Olivier, Phaeosphaeria eustoma (Fuckel) L. Holm, Puccinia magnusiana Korn., Pythium phragmitis Nechw., P ultimum Trow, Septoriella phragmitis Oudem., Stagonospora elegans (Berk.) Sacc. & Traverso, and S. macropycnidia Cunnell. The last two of those, as well as Stagonospora cylindrica Gunnell, Phaeosphaeria eustoma and P nodomm (E. Mull.) Hedjar., as causes of P australis leaf and stalk lesions, were confirmed for the first time in Poland.