The Emergence of a Atrazine Resistant Black Nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.) Biotype and Molecular Basis of the Resistance

摘要

Laboratory of Molecular Plant Pathogen Diagnostics, Division of Plant Medicine, Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzym, Czech Republic Seeds from atrazine resistant plants of black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.) were collected at the railway station Prague-Vrsovice, seeds from susceptible plants in Vysehorovice (Prague East district). Tests on emergence showed that in both resistant and susceptible biotypes it was highest at a seeding depth of 1 mm, and that at the same seeding depth there were statistically significant differences in emergence between the resistant and susceptible biotypes. The resistance or susceptibility to atrazine was tested by both a chlorophyll fluorescence assay and spraying with atrazine. A region of the gene encoding Dl protein of photosystem II was sequenced and compared between the resistant and susceptible biotypes. Resistance to atrazine in the S. nigrum biotype from Vrsovice was conferred by a glycine for serine substitution at residue 264 of the Dl protein. In the plants of the biotypes there was excellent correspondence between the presence of the mutation and herbicide resistance. The assay based on restriction analysis of PCR products can be used for rapid detection of the mutation in populations ofblack nightshade.