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Electrodispersion of a liquid of finite electrical conductivity in an immiscible dielectric liquid

机译:电导率有限的液体在不混溶的电介质液体中的电分散

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摘要

Order-of-magnitude estimates and numerical computations are used to analyze an electrospray operating in the cone-jet mode in a bath of an immiscible dielectric liquid. In agreement with experimental results in the literature, the analysis predicts that the electric current carried by the jet increases as the square root of the flow rate of dispersed liquid in a wide range of conditions of the flow. The characteristics of the current transfer region determining the electric current are estimated taking into account the viscous drag of the dielectric liquid that surrounds the jet. The electric current is predicted to depart from the square root law for small flow rates, when charge relaxation effects become important in the current transfer region, and also when the flow rate increases to values of the order of Q_M=ε{lunate}0γ~2a/μ_2~2K, where ε{lunate}0 and μ_2 are the permittivity and viscosity of the dielectric liquid, K is the electrical conductivity of the dispersed liquid, a is the radius of the capillary needle through which this liquid is injected, and γ is the interfacial tension of the liquid pair. When the flow rate becomes of order Q_M, the meniscus at the tip of the capillary ceases to resemble a Taylor cone, the current transfer region ceases to be short compared to the size of the meniscus, the electric current levels to a constant value, and the stationary jet cannot extend very far downstream of the meniscus.
机译:数量级估计和数值计算被用来分析在不混溶的介电液体浴中以锥形喷射模式运行的电喷雾。与文献中的实验结果一致,该分析预测在宽范围的流动条件下,射流所携带的电流随分散液体流速的平方根而增加。考虑到围绕射流的电介质液体的粘性阻力,估计确定电流的电流传输区域的特性。当电荷松弛效应在电流传输区域中变得很重要时,以及当流量增加到Q_M =ε{lunate}0γ〜的数量级时,对于小流量,预计电流会偏离平方根定律。 2a /μ_2〜2K,其中ε{lunate} 0和μ_2是介电液的介电常数和粘度,K是分散液的电导率,a是注入该液体的毛细管针的半径,以及γ是液体对的界面张力。当流量变为Q_M阶时,毛细管尖端的弯液面不再像泰勒锥那样,与弯液面的大小相比,电流传递区域不再短,电流水平变为恒定值,并且固定射流不能在弯液面的下游延伸很远。

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