Plant communities linked with human environments in southern Peru. [Spanish]Original Title Las comunidades vegetales relacionadas con los ambientes humanos en el sur del Peru.

摘要

In the context of the landscape and history of the southern Peruvian Andean territory, a phytosociological approach to the vegetation linked to human activity is presented. To obtain a comprehensive study, we focused the study on different elements of the Andean landscape, including plant communities: crop terraces with Brassica rapa and Medicago hispida communities, irrigation channels with Mimulus glabratus and Polypogon interruptus communities, roads with Alternanthera pungens and Lepidium bipinnatifidum communities, overgrazed areas with Bouteloua simplex, Michrochloa indica and Cyperus andinus, farmyards, dumps and wall bases of villages with ruderal communities with Malva parviflora and Urocarpidium peruvianum, and wall fissures with Parietaria debilis and Cheilanthes pruinata communities. The study area is especially the Colca canyon in the Arequipa Department (southern Peru), where traditional agriculture is practiced and where we lifted 144 plots following the Braun-Blanquet methodology, adding 853 plots from other authors. In total, 997 plots and 426 species were considered. To interpret the variability and vertical continuum of the associations, we have used the concepts of basal community (BC), derived community (DC), and altitudinal form were used. Field and bibliographic tables were synthetized, and as a result of column comparisons, we have concluded with a diversity of 41 Andean associations and communities described for areas of human impact distributed in different climatic belts.