Randomized controlled screening trials for prostate cancer using prostate-specific antigen: a tale of contrasts

摘要

This article aims to review the merits of the use of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as a screening tool in the detection of prostate cancer and the evidence presented by the US and European population-based, randomized controlled trials evaluating screening. Many studies have attempted to ascertain whether PSA screening is beneficial with respect to cancer-specific mortality. This report aims to clarify the issues specific to the PSA test, prostate cancer, sources of bias, and the future of screening.