A FMCW-Based Cross Layer RF Distance Bounding Scheme

摘要

We present a physical layer solution to RF distance bounding, which reduces the prover’s processing delay virtually to zero by employing the concepts of frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) and secondary radars, and equipping it with the capability of cryptographic communication over unintelligent radar signals. To realize, we encode the verifier’s challenges in waveform slope of signals while the prover communicates its cryptographic replies in shape of backscatter modulation. For resilience to multipath, the prover introduces analog frequency modulation using the principle of secondary radar. Our protocol is based on pre-commitment distance bounding scheme. Our paper primarily focuses on design intricacies of a realizable system while we briefly present the simulation results. We critically analyze the security of our protocol against attacks most concerned in distance bounding and thoroughly investigate its robustness under noise and multipath environments. A shortcoming of our design is low range resolution at lower spectral bandwidths, which can be foretoken as system tolerance. We foresee our endeavor to present a viable zero-delay RF distance bounding scheme while minimizing the hardware, energy, and computational overhead for passive and semipassive tokens.