Wind power within European grid codes: Evolution, status and outlook

摘要

Grid codes are technical specifications that define the requirements for any facilityrnconnected to electricity grids. Wind power plants are increasingly facing systemrnstability support requirements similar to conventional power stations, which is tornsome extent unavoidable, as the share of wind power in the generation mix isrngrowing. The adaptation process of grid codes for wind power plants is not yetrncomplete, and grid codes are expected to evolve further in the future. ENTSO-E isrnthe umbrella organization for European TSOs, seen by many as a leader in termsrnof requirements sophistication. A current development by ENTSO-E aims torndevelop a uniform grid code framework for Europe. The new European codesrnleave many key aspects unspecified, referring instead to regulation by the relevantrnTSO, but they do provide a positive and encouraging step in the right direction.rnThe present document is largely based on the definitions and provisions set out byrnENTSO-E. The main European grid code requirements are outlined here, includingrnalso HVDC connections and DC-connected power park modules. The focus isrnon requirements that are considered particularly relevant for large wind powerrnplants. Afterwards, an outlook and discussion on possible future requirements isrnprovided. This review has been written by members of IEA Wind Task 25, but itrndoes not represent an official viewpoint of the IEA.rnThis article is categorized under:rnWind Power > Systems and Infrastructure