EU's investment in environmental solutions research

BILL McCANN

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EU's investment in environmental solutions research

机译：欧盟对环境解决方案研究的投资

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At €6.4 billion ($8 billion), the European Union's (EU) largest ever investment in research and innovation, announced on 19 July, includes a budget of €240 million ($306 million) for the environment theme in which research related to climate change is a main focus in the Work Programme (WP) for 2011.

机译：7月19日宣布的欧盟有史以来最大规模的研究与创新投资，金额为64亿欧元（80亿美元），其中包括2.4亿欧元（3.06亿美元）的预算，用于与气候变化相关的环境主题研究。是2011年工作计划（WP）的主要重点。

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《Water21》 |2010年第10期|P.65|共1页
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BILL McCANN;
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1. Factors Affecting Environmental Management by Small and Micro Firms: The Importance of Entrepreneurs' Attitudes and Environmental Investment [J] . Testa Francesco, Gusmerottia Natalia Marzia, Corsini Filippo, Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management . 2016,第6期

机译：小型和微型公司影响环境管理的因素：企业家态度和环境投资的重要性
2. Local environmental investments and sustainable development: the evaluation of environmental projects in Scotland supported by the European agriculture guidance and guarantee fund [J] . G. W. Hill, J. R. Crabtree Local environment . 2003,第2期

机译：地方环境投资与可持续发展：由欧洲农业指导和担保基金支持的苏格兰环境项目评估
3. Logistical solutions, fleet investment and environmental responsibilities [J] . Fuel Oil News group Fuel Oil News . 2016,第2期

机译：物流解决方案，车队投资和环境责任
4. European transmission network investments planning with a view on long-term environmental goals [C] . J. Verseille, S. Lepy, M. Paun Conseil International des Grands Reseaux Electriques;International Council on Large Electric Systems;CIGRE session . 2012

机译：基于长期环境目标的欧洲输电网络投资计划
5. A Study on the Social and the Environmental Impacts of Bottled Water & A Design Solution to Improve the User Experience of Reusable Water Bottles. [D] . Chang, Chia-Wei. 2010

机译：瓶装水的社会和环境影响研究以及改善可重复使用水瓶用户体验的设计解决方案。
6. Environmental Regulation Promotion Pressure of Officials and Enterprise Environmental Protection Investment [O] . Ke-Chiun Chang, Di Wang, Yangyang Lu, 2021

机译：环境监管官员促进压力企业环保投资
7. Competing Recombinant Technologies for Environmental Innovation: Extending Arthur’s Model of Lock-in Abstract: This article presents a model of sequential decisions about investments in environmentally dirty and clean technologies, which extends the path-dependence framework of Arthur (1989). This allows us to evaluate if and how an economy locked into a dirty technology can be unlocked and move towards the clean technology. The main extension involves the inclusion of the effect of recombinant innovation of the two technologies. A mechanism of endogenous competition is described involving a positive externality of increasing returns to investment which are counterbalanced by recombinant innovation. We determine conditions under which lock-in can be avoided or escaped. A second extension is â€œsymmetry breakingâ€ of the system due to the introduction of an environmental policy that charges a price for polluting. A final extension adds a cost of environmental policy in the form of lower returns on investment implemented through a growth-depressing factor. We compare cumulative pollution under different scenarios, so that we can evaluate the combination of environmental regulation and recombinant innovation. [O] . Van den Bergh J.C.J.M., Zeppini Rossi P. 100

机译：用于环境创新的竞争重组技术：扩展亚瑟的锁定模型摘要：本文介绍了关于环境污染和清洁技术投资的连续决策模型，该模型扩展了亚瑟（1989）的路径依赖框架。这使我们能够评估是否以及如何解锁陷入肮脏技术的经济并转向清洁技术。主要的扩展涉及包括两种技术的重组创新的效果。内生竞争的机制被描述为涉及通过重组创新抵消的增加投资回报的正外部性。我们确定可以避免或转义锁定的条件。由于引入了污染价格的环境政策，第二个延伸是系统的“对称性破坏”。最后的延期增加了环境政策的成本，通过增长抑制因素实现了较低的投资回报。我们比较了不同情景下的累积污染，从而可以评估环境调控与重组创新的结合。

EU's investment in environmental solutions research

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