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Downcycling versus recycling of construction and demolition waste: Combining LCA and LCC to support sustainable policy making

机译:拆建与拆建废料的回收再利用:将LCA和LCC结合起来以支持可持续的政策制定

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摘要

Urgent solutions are needed in Europe to deal with construction and demolition waste (CDW). EU policy has contributed to significantly reducing the amount of CDW going to landfill, but most of the effort has been put in downcycling practices. Therefore, further policies are needed to stimulate high-quality recycling of CDW.The present paper presents a combined life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle costing (LCC) methodologies to analyse the environmental and the economic drivers in four alternative CDW end-of-life scenarios in the region of Flanders, in Belgium. The four analysed alternatives are (i) landfilling, (ii) downcycling, (iii) advanced recycling and (iv) recycling after selective demolition.LCA results show that landiflling is the scenario having the highest environmental impacts in terms of person equivalent (PE), followed by downcycling and recycling (-36%) and recycling after selective demolition (−59%). The decrease in environmental impacts is mostly due to the avoided landfilling of CDW and the recovery of materials from selective demolition. LCC results indicate that landfilling is the scenario bearing the highest total economic costs. This is due to the high landfill tax in Flanders. The recycling after selective demolition bears the second highest cost.The increase of high-quality CDW recycling can significantly reduce the overall environmental impact of the system. Implementing a high landfill tax, increasing the gate fee to the recycling plant, and boosting the sales price of recycled aggregates are the most effective drivers to facilitate a transition towards a more sustainable CDW management system.The paper demonstrates that the combined LCA and LCC results can highlight the environmental and economic drivers in CDW management. The results of the combined analysis can help policymakers to promote the aspects contributing to sustainability and to limit the ones creating a barrier.
机译:欧洲需要紧急解决方案来处理建筑和拆除废物(CDW)。欧盟的政策极大地减少了垃圾填埋场的CDW数量,但是大部分工作都放在了回收利用上。因此,需要采取进一步的政策来刺激CDW的高质量回收。本文提出了一种组合的生命周期评估(LCA)和生命周期成本(LCC)方法,以分析四种替代CDW终端的环境和经济驱动因素比利时法兰德斯地区的生活场景。分析的四个替代方案是(i)填埋,(ii)向下循环,(iii)高级回收和(iv)选择性拆除后的回收.LCA结果显示,就人均当量(PE)而言,填埋是对环境影响最大的方案,然后进行向下循环再利用(-36%)以及选择性拆除后的循环利用(−59%)。环境影响的减少主要是由于避免了CDW的垃圾填埋以及通过选择性拆除回收了材料。 LCC结果表明,填埋是承担最高总经济成本的方案。这是由于法兰德斯的垃圾填埋税很高。选择性拆除后的回收成本第二高。高质量CDW回收的增加可以显着降低系统的整体环境影响。实施高额垃圾掩埋税,增加回收工厂的入场费,提高回收骨料的销售价格是促进向更可持续的CDW管理系统过渡的最有效驱动力。本文证明了LCA和LCC的合并结果可以突出CDW管理中的环境和经济驱动因素。组合分析的结果可以帮助决策者促进有助于可持续发展的方面,并限制造成障碍的方面。

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