CHEMICAL AND STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF THE NEOLITHIC CERAMICS FROM VINCA, LUMEA NOUA AND PETRESTI CULTURES (ROUMANIA)

摘要

There are still many aspects unknown about the origin and manufacturing techniques of the prehistoric pottery discovered in Roumania. Knowledge of raw materials and the techniques used to produce each category of ceramic objects is essential to emphasize certain aspects of ancient civilizations and has also a practical value in choosing the best conservation and restoration measures. Following the excavations of the neolithic sites from "Limba" and "Alba lulia - Lumea Noua" (Transylvania, Roumania) large quantities of pottery were recovered. The preliminary processing (selection, primary assessment, cultural and historical identification) was carried out and part of the material is in the stage of scientific exploitation. In the present paper, representative samples of pottery found in the above mentioned sites and belonging to Vinca, Lumea Noua and Petresti cultures were characterized in order to elucidate the production technology in terms of the raw materials used, forming and firing procedures. The study was carried out using: elementary chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction, optical or scanning electron microscopy, which provide complementary results. The morphological and compositional features of each sample were compared.