o longer through the use of chains and iron but through extortion, smuggling and 'debt bondage', the reality of slavery has re-emerged in a modern format. The lighting industry is not immune to the problems of the modern world and must be ready to meet its legal, ethical and societal obligations to ensure that its supply chains and manufacturing processes are not tainted by the trade in human beings - a task that is often easier said than done. Despite being illegal in every nation, the International Labour Organization estimates that 21 million people are held in slave conditions globally. The number is rising by all measurements, with a 17% increase in human chattel recorded between 2012 and 2015 [1]. Slavery takes manyforms, but at its core involves obtaining a human being for involuntary servitude, often through the use of force, fraud or coercion. A loss of individual freedom is a key factor.
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