Nanotechnology is the application of scientific knowledge to control and utilise matter at the nano scale, where size related properties and phenomenon can emerge. Nanotechnology research in textiles has three main objectives: upgrading the present function and performance of textile materials, introduction of innovative functionalities like antibacterial, self-cleaning, UV-blocking, conductivity, etc., and development of smart/intelligent textiles. Nanoparticles of metal oxides such as TiO_2 and MgO belong to a group of compounds showing photocatalytic properties; i.e. the ability to absorb UV radiation and antibacterial properties. Nanoparticles may also be applied to textiles as finishing; for example, spray coating of TiO_2 as bacterial protective material and applying TiO_2 nanoparticles to textiles as dip-coating or by sol-gel.
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