User-reporting and metadata analysis are the approaches to content moderation most likely to preserve privacy and security guarantees to end-users when applied to services that promise end-to-end encryption (E2EE), according to the Center for Democracy & Technology. In a report released Aug. 12, CDT said that "[a]s long as the metadata analysis occurs exclusively on a user's device and does not result in storage, use, or sending of decrypted messages, the user's privacy is preserved and the guarantees of end-to-end encryption are not violated." It added, "It's also important to note that both user-reporting and metadata analysis provide effective tools in detecting significant amounts and different types of problematic content on E2EE services including abusive and harassing messages, spam, mis- and disinformation, and CSAM [child sexual abuse material]."
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