Ecotoxicological water assessment of an estuarine river from the Brazilian Northeast, potentially affected by industrial wastewater discharge

摘要

Water pollution generated by industrial effluents discharge is a threat to the maintenance of aquatic ecosystems and human development The Jundiai River estuarine, located in Northeast Brazil, receives an industrial pretreated effluent load from the city of Macaiba/RN/Brazil. The present study aimed to assess the water quality of this water reservoir through ⅰ) physicochemical characterization, ⅱ) quantification of metal concentration and ⅲ) by an ecotoxicological assessment carried out using Mysidopsisjuniae and Pomacea lineata. The study was performed throughout the period comprising May to September 2014. Physicochemical variables such as chloride, total solids and electrical conductivity presented values in the waste discharge point, significantly different with those located out of the waste releasing point Apart from that metal concentration showed variable behavior throughout the monitored period. Levels of Al, Fe, Cu, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb and Ag were over the considered guidelines. Both natural and anthropogenic sources seem to be involved in the resulting environmental scenario. A reduction in the fecundity rate (using Mysidopsisjuniae) along with an increase in mortality rate (in both species) was observed ratifying the presence of toxic substances in this water reservoir. Moreover, a correlation analysis stated an association of the aforementioned toxicological effects with the delivery of industrial waste products. The ecotoxicological assessment performed highlighted the presence of toxic substance/s in water from the Jundiai River. Especially as a consequence of industrial activity, a fact that might threaten the bioma and, therefore, the human health of the population settled in the studied region.