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Arsenic removal from geothermal influenced groundwater with low pressure NF pilot plant for drinking water production in Nicaraguan rural communities

机译:尼加拉瓜农村社区的低压NF中试厂从地热影响的地下水中去除砷以生产饮用水

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This research evaluated the effect of different fluxes (16, 23 & 30 L/m(2) h) and temperatures (31,35 & 43 degrees C) on the rejection of As(V) during nanofiltration (NF) of natural geothermal influenced groundwater in Nicaragua. A NF pilot plant powered by solar panels was built and operated in rural community Telica, exposed to As-rich chinking water sources due to geothermal influences. The results showed that even at high temperatures it is possible to obtain high rejection of As(V) (0.87-0.9) during NF filtration (recovery 10%; flux 16 L/m(2) h) of geothermal influenced groundwater, with the additional advantage of requiring low operating pressures (1.2 bar similar to 12mwc).The permeate concentration (similar to 5 mu g/L) complied with the WHO guideline for drinking water and the concentrate (similar to 55 mu g/L) could be used by local villagers for daily activities (e.g., laundry and bathing). For all investigated fluxes and temperatures the order of rejection of As(V) (as HAsO42-), compared with the other anions, could be interpreted on the basis of its charge, hydrated radius and hydration free energy. At lower temperatures (31 and 35 degrees C) permeate quality improved slightly (similar to 3 mu g/L), but although an increased temperature had a negative effect on the As rejection, As concentrations in the permeate never exceeded 5 mu g/L, while the required TMP dropped - depending on the flux - with 0.5 to 1 bar. This decrease in required pressure might be of huge benefit in deserted, rural locations where electricity is scarce, as with an overhead tank of 10-15 m a gravity fed NF system would be feasible. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译:这项研究评估了不同通量(16、23和30 L / m(2)h)和温度(31、35和43摄氏度)对自然地热影响的纳滤(NF)期间As(V)截留的影响尼加拉瓜的地下水。在Telica农村社区建造并运营了一个由太阳能电池板供电的NF试验工厂,该工厂由于地热的影响而暴露于富含As的紧缩水源中。结果表明,即使在高温下,通过地热影响的地下水进行NF过滤(回收率10%;通量16 L / m(2)h)时,也可以获得较高的As(V)(0.87-0.9)截留率。要求低工作压力(1.2 bar约等于12mwc)的其他优点。可以使用符合WHO饮用水和浓缩液指南(约55μg / L)的渗透物浓度(约5μg / L)。由当地村民进行日常活动(例如洗衣服和洗澡)。对于所有研究的通量和温度,可以根据其电荷,水合半径和水合自由能来解释与其他阴离子相比As(V)(以HAsO42-)的排阻顺序。在较低的温度(31和35摄氏度)下,渗透物质量略有改善(约3μg / L),但是尽管温度升高对As排斥具有负面影响,但渗透物中的As浓度从未超过5μg / L ,而所需的TMP(取决于通量)下降了0.5至1 bar。所需压力的这种降低在荒芜,电力匮乏的农村地区可能会带来巨大的好处,因为使用10至15 m的高架水箱,重力式NF系统是可行的。 (C)2019 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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