Science and technology policy and social ex/inclusion: Analyzing opportunities and constraints in Brazil and Argentina

摘要

This paper undertakes a critical analysis of the strategies for fighting social exclusion currently applied in Latin America, with regard to science and technology (S&T) policy and the local production of technologies oriented to social inclusion. It considers two of the most significant countries (Brazil and Argentina) in terms of: economic growth, increase in R&D investments, and poverty-reduction programs during the last decade. However, this scenario contrasts with the persisting inequality in income distribution, as well as with persisting structural shortcomings. After a review of the economic growth and S&T policy trends (and the unresolved problem of structural exclusion) the paper examines the inadequacy of local S&T agendas concerning population needs and the problems involved in the performance of currently available technologies for social inclusion. The paper ends with an analytical-normative section related to strategic aspects of potential solutions to development and ex/inclusion issues.