Radar Method for Detecting Wind Speed Vector Field Inhomogeneities

摘要

Modern weather radars have difficulties in detecting wind-related weather hazards (wind shear, microburst, tornado, etc.). For this purpose, the authors propose a method based on using a new parameter: bandwidth-duration product (hereinafter, the base) of the received radar signal. The idea of its estimation is based on an analogy with the concept of the "base" used in engineering, which is an indicator of complication of the emitted pulse internal structure. It is shown that when a radar observes various types of inhomogeneities of the wind speed vector field, the received signal is formed by two air masses with different characteristics. Consequently, the input signal is the sum of two components with different power, average frequency, and spectral width. As a result, its structure becomes more complex, which can be detected by evaluating the base.