SOME CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT MIXING, OSCILLATION PHENOMENA AND CP VIOLATION OF DIFFERENT MASS EIGENSTATES

摘要

In the last twenty years many experimental and theoretical efforts have been made to measure and verify the predictions of the Standard Model, as well as to put into evidence small deviations from these values. In the present paper, we discuss some aspects of possible regularities in the formalism of mixing, oscillation and CP violation phenomena of the mass eigenstates in particle physics, and eventual consequences of hidden proprieties of the systems. In the literature, different parametrisation representations of lepton flavour mixing are used for three generations of leptons and quarks. Although these are mathematically equivalent, only some of them are likely to describe the underlying physics in a more transparent way, and are particularly convenient in the analysis of experimental data or are able to establish a concordance with these ones. Flavour permutational symmetry of the mixing matrix, "maximal democracy" and maximal CP violation give a simple and efficient way to understand the essential characteristics of the phenomena, with a minimum number of parameters. The deviations of the experimental data from these predicted values represent a simple clue to study phenomenologically the breaking of symmetries. The interplay of gravitation and linear superposition of different mass eigenstates, and their consequences on the oscillation clocks, phases and the physical observability are also briefly discussed.